Natural Colonization of Rice by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Different Production Areas

doi:10.1016/j.rsci.2018.02.006

Abstract

Abstract:

Interactions between plants and soil microorganisms can influence the other interactions in which plants participate, including interactions with herbivores. Many fungi, including arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), form symbiotic relationships with the roots they inhabit, and potentially alter defense against pests. The objective of this study was to document the extent of root colonization by AMF on non-flooded rice plants grown under conditions typical of commercial fields. We hypothesized that AMF naturally colonized rice plants in different rice producing field locations. Rice plant samples were collected from areas across the southern United States, including Texas, Mississippi, Arkansas and two research stations in Louisiana. We quantified the amount of AMF colonization in insecticide-free rice plants over three consecutive years (2014-2016). The results revealed natural colonization of AMF in all rice producing areas. In all the three years of survey, rice-AMF associations were the greatest in Arkansas followed by Mississippi and Texas. This research will help draw attention to natural colonization of AMF in rice producing areas that can impact future rice research and production by facilitating agricultural exploitation of the symbiosis.

Key words: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, rice, root colonization, soil quality, agriculture

Bernaola Lina, Cange Grace, O. Way Michael, Gore Jeffrey, Hardke Jarrod, Stout Michael. Natural Colonization of Rice by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Different Production Areas[J]. Rice Science, 2018, 25(3): 169-174.

Figures/Tables 2

References 37

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Rice field	County, State	Coordinate	Soil type	Variety	AMF colonization percentage (%)
Rice field	County, State	Coordinate	Soil type	Variety	2014	2015	2016
H. Rouse Caffey Rice Research Station, Crowley (CR)	Acadia, Louisiana	30^o14′23.4′′ N	Silt loam	Cocodrie	3.8 ± 0.4	19.0 ± 2.1	59.3 ± 4.1
		92^o20′46.1′′ W		Jupiter	3.8 ± 0.9	NS	NS
				Lemont	1.8 ± 0.4	NS	NS
				Mermentau	NS	NS	22.0 ± 4.1
				Cheniere	NS	NS	58.0 ± 2.2
Macon Ridge Research Station, Winnsboro (WB)	Franklin, Louisiana	32^o08′33.0′′ N	Sharkey clay	CL151	NS	NS	16.0 ± 0.6
Macon Ridge Research Station, Winnsboro (WB)	Franklin, Louisiana	91^o42′23.6′′ W	Sharkey clay	CL151	NS	NS	16.0 ± 0.6
Delta Research & Extension Center, Stoneville (SV)	Washington, Mississippi	33^o25′24.1′′ N	Sharkey clay	Cocodrie	16.7 ± 2.6	NS	NS
Delta Research & Extension Center, Stoneville (SV)	Washington, Mississippi	90^o54′39.1′′ W	Sharkey clay	Wells	NS	29.8 ± 2.8	27.0 ± 0.8
Texas A&M AgriLife Research & Extension Center, Beaumont (BM)	Jefferson, Texas	30^o04′19.8′′ N	League clay	Antonio	5.8 ± 0.8	25.8 ± 1.3	18.0 ± 1.8
	Jefferson, Texas	94^o17′58.1′′ W	League clay	Antonio	5.8 ± 0.8	25.8 ± 1.3	18.0 ± 1.8
Rice Research & Extension Center, Stuttgart (ST)	Stuttgart, Arkansas	34^o28′31.9′′ N	Dewitt silt loam	Wells	11.8 ± 1.1	61.4 ± 6.3	61.2 ± 4.6
Rice Research & Extension Center, Stuttgart (ST)	Stuttgart, Arkansas	91^o25′05.6′′ W	Dewitt silt loam	Wells	11.8 ± 1.1	61.4 ± 6.3	61.2 ± 4.6

Rice field	County, State	Coordinate	Soil type	Variety	AMF colonization percentage (%)
Rice field	County, State	Coordinate	Soil type	Variety	2014	2015	2016
H. Rouse Caffey Rice Research Station, Crowley (CR)	Acadia, Louisiana	30^o14′23.4′′ N	Silt loam	Cocodrie	3.8 ± 0.4	19.0 ± 2.1	59.3 ± 4.1
		92^o20′46.1′′ W		Jupiter	3.8 ± 0.9	NS	NS
				Lemont	1.8 ± 0.4	NS	NS
				Mermentau	NS	NS	22.0 ± 4.1
				Cheniere	NS	NS	58.0 ± 2.2
Macon Ridge Research Station, Winnsboro (WB)	Franklin, Louisiana	32^o08′33.0′′ N	Sharkey clay	CL151	NS	NS	16.0 ± 0.6
Macon Ridge Research Station, Winnsboro (WB)	Franklin, Louisiana	91^o42′23.6′′ W	Sharkey clay	CL151	NS	NS	16.0 ± 0.6
Delta Research & Extension Center, Stoneville (SV)	Washington, Mississippi	33^o25′24.1′′ N	Sharkey clay	Cocodrie	16.7 ± 2.6	NS	NS
Delta Research & Extension Center, Stoneville (SV)	Washington, Mississippi	90^o54′39.1′′ W	Sharkey clay	Wells	NS	29.8 ± 2.8	27.0 ± 0.8
Texas A&M AgriLife Research & Extension Center, Beaumont (BM)	Jefferson, Texas	30^o04′19.8′′ N	League clay	Antonio	5.8 ± 0.8	25.8 ± 1.3	18.0 ± 1.8
	Jefferson, Texas	94^o17′58.1′′ W	League clay	Antonio	5.8 ± 0.8	25.8 ± 1.3	18.0 ± 1.8
Rice Research & Extension Center, Stuttgart (ST)	Stuttgart, Arkansas	34^o28′31.9′′ N	Dewitt silt loam	Wells	11.8 ± 1.1	61.4 ± 6.3	61.2 ± 4.6
Rice Research & Extension Center, Stuttgart (ST)	Stuttgart, Arkansas	91^o25′05.6′′ W	Dewitt silt loam	Wells	11.8 ± 1.1	61.4 ± 6.3	61.2 ± 4.6